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Yoga is a wonderful all-encompassing exercise for staying healthy. It was developed in ancient India as a means of enhancing both physical and mental wellbeing. In the West, the most commonly practiced branch of yoga is Hatha Yoga. This uses postures, breathing techniques, conscious relaxation and meditation. Within Hatha Yoga there are several styles, each with a different emphasis, so it is important to try them out and decide which suits you most. Here is a guide to some of the most popular styles of Hatha Yoga:
Hatha
If a class is described merely as “Hatha”, it is likely to include a number of techniques from across the various styles, but it will be good as an introduction for the beginner – and probably not too strenuous as a start.
Vinyasa
This is also a very general term for a yoga class. In yoga, a Vinyasa refers to a movement that is synchronized with the breath. Vinyasa-style yoga is based on a sequence of movements that are matched to the breath and is more active than the basic Hatha yoga described above.
Iyengar
This yoga is best for body alignment. In each pose there is a significant emphasis on the body position and ensuring that it is correct. The classes are slower and the poses are held for longer periods of time. Frequently props (blocks, straps etc.) are used to assist correct positioning. The attention to detail in each pose in this yoga, results in maximum benefit with minimum likelihood of any injury.
Ashtanga
As a very dynamic form of yoga, the movements are carried out fairly quickly and in a set order. This style is good for detoxifying, building strength and flexibility as well as increasing stamina. It will appeal to those who prefer intense and challenging exercise. Power yoga is derived from Ashtanga yoga. The only difference is that there is no set sequence.
Bikram / hot yoga
Here yoga is practiced in a room where the temperature is set at 95 to 100 degrees F. The heat is to assist in loosening muscles and cause sweating in order to cleanse the body. There is a set sequence of 26 poses. Usually each is performed twice and held for a certain period of time. This is a challenging and forceful form of yoga. It is preferable for those who are already fit and who have few injuries.
Kundalini
The breath is the focus in this style of yoga. The purpose is to become aware of the effect of the breath on the posture. The movements are quick and repetitive and the class may involve chanting.
Sivananda
Here great emphasis is placed on the principles of exercise, healthy foods, correct breathing, relaxation and positive thinking and meditation.
Integral Yoga
Another general Hatha-type yoga, integral yoga makes use of poses, breathing techniques, chanting and meditation.
Viniyoga
This is a gentle-flowing, therapeutic yoga practice. It focuses on developing a style for each individual according to their needs. It aims to achieve flexibility, stability of joints, healing, strength and feelings of wellbeing. Often it is taught privately for therapeutic reasons.
There are a number of other styles of yoga. All involve the aspects mentioned above to varying degrees. Many also include a definite focus on the spiritual side of the art of yoga. You can choose your style according to your needs: perhaps it is for physical challenge, perhaps therapeutic, or for relaxation or maybe general well being. Try a few different classes and find your preference. You can always switch to another style as your life progresses and needs change.
